Kotlinv2.4.0

管理本地资源环境

您可能需要管理应用内设置,允许用户自定义其体验,例如更改语言或主题。 要动态更新应用程序的资源环境,您可以配置应用程序使用的以下资源相关设置:

区域性

每个平台对语言和地区等区域性设置的处理方式各不相同。作为一种临时解决方法,在实现通用的公共 API 之前,您需要在共享代码中定义一个通用入口点。然后,使用平台特定 API 为每个平台提供相应的声明:

  1. 在通用源集中,使用 expect 关键字定义预期的 LocalAppLocale 对象:

    kotlin
    var customAppLocale by mutableStateOf<String?>(null)
    expect object LocalAppLocale {
        val current: String @Composable get
        @Composable infix fun provides(value: String?): ProvidedValue<*>
    }
    
    @Composable
    fun AppEnvironment(content: @Composable () -> Unit) {
        CompositionLocalProvider(
            LocalAppLocale provides customAppLocale,
        ) {
            key(customAppLocale) {
                content()
            }
        }
    }
  2. 在 Android 源集中,添加使用 context.resources.configuration.localeactual 实现:

    kotlin
    actual object LocalAppLocale {
        private var default: Locale? = null
        actual val current: String
            @Composable get() = Locale.getDefault().toString()
    
        @Composable
        actual infix fun provides(value: String?): ProvidedValue<*> {
            val configuration = LocalConfiguration.current
    
            if (default == null) {
                default = Locale.getDefault()
            }
    
            val new = when(value) {
                null -> default!!
                else -> Locale(value)
            }
            Locale.setDefault(new)
            configuration.setLocale(new)
            val resources = LocalContext.current.resources
    
            resources.updateConfiguration(configuration, resources.displayMetrics)
            return LocalConfiguration.provides(configuration)
        }
    }
  3. 在 iOS 源集中,添加修改 NSLocale.preferredLanguagesactual 实现:

    kotlin
    @OptIn(InternalComposeUiApi::class)
    actual object LocalAppLocale {
        private const val LANG_KEY = "AppleLanguages"
        private val default = NSLocale.preferredLanguages.first() as String
        private val LocalAppLocale = staticCompositionLocalOf { default }
        actual val current: String
            @Composable get() = LocalAppLocale.current
    
        @Composable
        actual infix fun provides(value: String?): ProvidedValue<*> {
            val new = value ?: default
            if (value == null) {
                NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults.removeObjectForKey(LANG_KEY)
            } else {
                NSUserDefaults.standardUserDefaults.setObject(arrayListOf(new), LANG_KEY)
            }
            return LocalAppLocale.provides(new)
        }
    }
  4. 在桌面源集中,添加使用 Locale.getDefault() 来更新 JVM 默认区域性的 actual 实现:

    kotlin
    actual object LocalAppLocale {
        private var default: Locale? = null
        private val LocalAppLocale = staticCompositionLocalOf { Locale.getDefault().toString() }
        actual val current: String
            @Composable get() = LocalAppLocale.current
    
        @Composable
        actual infix fun provides(value: String?): ProvidedValue<*> {
            if (default == null) {
                default = Locale.getDefault()
            }
            val new = when(value) {
                null -> default!!
                else -> Locale(value)
            }
            Locale.setDefault(new)
            return LocalAppLocale.provides(new.toString())
        }
    }
  5. 对于 Web 平台,绕过 window.navigator.languages 属性的只读限制,引入自定义区域性逻辑:

    kotlin
    external object window {
        var __customLocale: String?
    }
    
    actual object LocalAppLocale {
        private val LocalAppLocale = staticCompositionLocalOf { Locale.current }
        actual val current: String
            @Composable get() = LocalAppLocale.current.toString()
    
        @Composable
        actual infix fun provides(value: String?): ProvidedValue<*> {
            window.__customLocale = value?.replace('_', '-')
            return LocalAppLocale.provides(Locale.current)
        }
    }

    然后,在浏览器的 index.html 中,在加载应用程序脚本之前放入以下代码:

    html
    <html lang="en">
        <head>
            <meta charset="UTF-8">
            ...
            <script>
                var currentLanguagesImplementation = Object.getOwnPropertyDescriptor(Navigator.prototype, "languages");
                var newLanguagesImplementation = Object.assign({}, currentLanguagesImplementation, {
                    get: function () {
                        if (window.__customLocale) {
                            return [window.__customLocale];
                        } else {
                            return currentLanguagesImplementation.get.apply(this);
                        }
                    }
                });
        
                Object.defineProperty(Navigator.prototype, "languages", newLanguagesImplementation)
            </script>
            <script src="skiko.js"></script>
            ...
        </head>
        <body></body>
        <script src="webApp.js"></script>
    </html>

主题

Compose Multiplatform 通过 isSystemInDarkTheme() 定义当前主题。各平台对主题的处理方式各不相同:

  • Android 通过以下按位运算定义主题:
    kotlin
        Resources.getConfiguration().uiMode and Configuration.UI_MODE_NIGHT_MASK
  • iOS、桌面和 Web 平台使用 LocalSystemTheme.current

作为一种临时解决方法,在实现通用的公共 API 之前,您可以使用 expect-actual 机制来管理平台特定的主题自定义:

  1. 在通用代码中,使用 expect 关键字定义预期的 LocalAppTheme 对象:

    kotlin
    var customAppThemeIsDark by mutableStateOf<Boolean?>(null)
    expect object LocalAppTheme {
        val current: Boolean @Composable get
        @Composable infix fun provides(value: Boolean?): ProvidedValue<*>
    }
    
    @Composable
    fun AppEnvironment(content: @Composable () -> Unit) {
        CompositionLocalProvider(
            LocalAppTheme provides customAppThemeIsDark,
        ) {
            key(customAppThemeIsDark) {
                content()
            }
        }
    }
  2. 在 Android 代码中,添加使用 LocalConfiguration API 的 actual 实现:

    kotlin
     actual object LocalAppTheme {
         actual val current: Boolean
             @Composable get() = (LocalConfiguration.current.uiMode and UI_MODE_NIGHT_MASK) == UI_MODE_NIGHT_YES
     
         @Composable
         actual infix fun provides(value: Boolean?): ProvidedValue<*> {
             val new = if (value == null) {
                 LocalConfiguration.current
             } else {
                 Configuration(LocalConfiguration.current).apply {
                     uiMode = when (value) {
                         true -> (uiMode and UI_MODE_NIGHT_MASK.inv()) or UI_MODE_NIGHT_YES
                         false -> (uiMode and UI_MODE_NIGHT_MASK.inv()) or UI_MODE_NIGHT_NO
                     }
                 }
             }
             return LocalConfiguration.provides(new)
         }
     }
  3. 在 iOS、桌面和 Web 平台上,您可以直接更改 LocalSystemTheme

    kotlin
    @OptIn(InternalComposeUiApi::class)
    actual object LocalAppTheme {
        actual val current: Boolean
            @Composable get() = LocalSystemTheme.current == SystemTheme.Dark
    
        @Composable
        actual infix fun provides(value: Boolean?): ProvidedValue<*> {
            val new = when(value) {
                true -> SystemTheme.Dark
                false -> SystemTheme.Light
                null -> LocalSystemTheme.current
            }
    
            return LocalSystemTheme.provides(new)
        }
    }

分辨率密度

要更改应用程序的分辨率 Density,您可以使用所有平台均支持的通用 LocalDensity API:

kotlin
var customAppDensity by mutableStateOf<Density?>(null)
object LocalAppDensity {
    val current: Density
        @Composable get() = LocalDensity.current

    @Composable
    infix fun provides(value: Density?): ProvidedValue<*> {
        val new = value ?: LocalDensity.current
        return LocalDensity.provides(new)
    }
}

@Composable
fun AppEnvironment(content: @Composable () -> Unit) {
    CompositionLocalProvider(
        LocalAppDensity provides customAppDensity,
    ) {
        key(customAppDensity) {
            content()
        }
    }
}

下一步